Duplex-crank piston- pu m p



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.,

J. DOW. DUPLEX CRANK PISTON PUMP. No. 318,968. Patented June 2, 1885.

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J. DOW.

DUPLEX GRANK PISTON PUMP. i

C Patented June 2, 1885.

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3 Sheets- Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

DUPLEX GPANK PIsPoN PUMP.

Patented June 2, 1885.

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N. PETERS Phawmmgmphef, wzshngwn. uc.

JOSIAl-I DOV, F LOVELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

oUPLEX-CRANK PisToN-Puvie SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,958, dated June 2, 1885.

Ap1lication filed March 10, 1884. (No model.)

To @ZZ wiz/0m, it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, JQsLlH DOW, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Duplex Crank Piston- Pumps; .and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described in the following specification, andillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

rlhis invention relates to improvements in duplexcranl; piston-pumps, particularly well adapted for pumping liquids, and in this capacity to be used either as a suction or force pump, although the invention is equally well adapted for use as an air-pump or blower for force or exhaust purposes, as well as a watermotor, if so desired.

The invention is carried out as follows, rei'- erenee being had to the accompanying drawings, where Figure l represents a side elevation of my improved pump. Fig. 2 represents an end view thereof, as seen from X in Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a central longitudinal section on the line A B, shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents a erosssection on the line C D, shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a crosssection on the line E F, also shown in Fig. 3; and Fig. o' represents a top view of the cylindrical valves. Fig. 7 represents a side view of one ofthe piston-cylinders; and Fig. Srepresents a cross-section on line G H, shown in Fig. 7.

Similar letters refer to similar parts wherever they occur on the diierent parts of the drawings.

c c" :is the shell, cast in one piece, the portion a constituting the pump-cylinder, and the portion a' is the cylindrical valve-chamber'.

c is the base, cast in one piece with the aforesaid shell, it being a continuation of the cylindrical valve-chamber a in case the latter is arranged below the pumpcylinder a., as shownin the drawings; but I do not wish to connue' myself to this precise arrangement, as the valve-charnber c may be located above or on one side of the pump-cylinder a, if so desired, although I prefer to arrange and locate the respective valve and pump cylinders in the manner as shown.

Within the shell a ais cast a division-wall, a3, extending from the top of the pump-cylinder c to the bottom of the valve-cylinder c', in a plane parallel to the ends of said shell,

as shown in Fig. 3, such division-wall having.

communication with the suction-pipe d, the

upper flange ot' which is secured air and water tight t0 the outer end ot head c by means of suitable bolts and nuts or screws, as shown in Fig. 3.

e is the pumpshaft, located in one end in a bearing, Zi', cast in one piece with the head b, and provided there with a packing-gland, b, made in the shape ofan annular ring, or in two semieircular halves, as may be desired, said gland being kept iu its proper place in said bearing by means of a suitable cap, if', and cap-screws, as is usual on pillow-blocks or shaft-bearings.

t is a suit-able packing at the inner end of gland Z2, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to make a perfectly tighujointbetween the shaft e and that part ot' the head b where it projects through.

In its other end the shaft c is supported in a bearing, d', cast in one piece on the outside of suction-pipe d, and provided there with a gland, d, cap d3, and packing d, in a similar manner as described relative to the bearing b'. I wish to state, however, that I do not confine myself to any particular bearings for said shaft c, as I may, if so desired, use the ordinary stuffing-boxes, such as used ou piston-rods of steam-engines without departing from the essence of my invention.

The shaft e is set in a rotary motion in its bearings by means of belt or other power applied to a suitablepulley secured to said shaft, or in any other well-known manner.

To the shaft e is secured firmly the hollow cylinder' f, by means of its central hub, f, and screw-shaped suction or guiding wings ff. (Shown in Fig. It.) The object ofsaid IOO sa Y 318,968

screw-shaped wingsjwf is to aid in creating a vacuum `in the interior of said cylinderf when it is rotated, and thus facilitate the liquid` passing out through the side openingf3 (on the periphery of cylinder f) and into the pump-cylinder a. l prefer to make the outer end of the guiding-wingsfl with a propellershaped edge, f1", to facilitate the passage of lluids to the interior of the pump from supplypipe, as represented in Figs.`7 and S.

In one piece with cylinderf is cast the pis tonfwhich is located in front of openingf, and extending outward and sidewise sufficiently to fill the space between the exterior of cylinderf and interior of pninpcylinder a, as shown in Fig. 4.

ff are side webs, connecting the piston f'L with the cylinderf, so as to impart the necessary strength to the piston.

4By means of the screwshaped wingsf f the cylinderf is divided into two compart- )iston so as to effect a tight oint between l s l the said piston and the plane and curved parts of cylinder a.

ff'fJ are segmental packing-rings, located in corresponding recesses on the outer side edges of cylinderf, so as to effect a tight joint between the ends of cylinderf and corresponding interior walls of pump-cylinder a. These packingrings may be made of wood or metal.

0u the shaft c, in aline with the cylinder f, is secured the secondary cylinder y, having central. hub, g', screw-.shaped guide-wings g g, side opening, g3, piston g, piston-webs g/5, compartment g, packing g3, and segmental packing-rings g g", like those described forming part of cylinderf. The cylinders fand g are so secured to each other and to their common shaft e as to cause their pistonsf4 and g" to project outward in diametrically-opposite directions, and so that the compartment f7 in cylinder fstands in direct communication with the compartment g in cylinder g, as shown in Fig. 3.

i is the valve-cylinder shaft, which shaft is located in bearings t" fi', cast in one piece respectively with the heads b and c, and provided with glands t", caps t3, and packings t in a similar manner as the bearings for the pump-shaft e.

The shafts c and z' are geared together by the respective gears 7c and Z, the former secured to shalt e and the latter to shaftt', both of said gears being of equal size and having equal number of teeth, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, sol that the shaft t' shall be turned around its axis exactly one revolution for every revolution of shaft e.

Below the cylinder fis secured on shaft the valve-cylinder m, the outside diameter of which is made equal to that of the cylinderf, and as said cylinders are rotated in opposite directions they are made to bear against each other-that is, `just to touch each other without causing any frictional resistance, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. m is the central hub of valve-cylinder `m, and m m are the skeleton arms uniting the said hub with the valve-cylinder m, so as to make it as light as possible consistent with the strength necessary.

m is a cut-away portion on one side of the vaivecylinder m, to permit the piston f4 to enter it and to pass by the valve-cylinder m when said piston in its rotation approaches the said valve-cylinder, as illust-rated by position in Fig. 5. The'concave curvature of the cut-away portion fm is to be made such as to make a closejoint between it and the outer end of the pistonfduring therotation of said piston and valvecylinder, and `thus to prevent waste of liquid when the piston is passing by the valve-cylinder.

on* m are webs at the sides of the cut-away` portion m, as shown in Figs. Banda, thespace between such webs being equal to the width of the pistonf, so as to enable the latter to enter between them when it passes into the concavity m3, and thus more efectually to prevent leakage while the pistonf* is in the act of passing by the valve-cylinder m.

a5 dare lateral grooves on the interior of valve-chamber a, in which are located suita ble metal or wood packings, mi) m5, held up by means of springs, or in other equivalent manner, against the outside of `the vali1e-cylii1der m, as shown in Fig. et, such packings being located near the junction of lthe respective pump and valve chambers a and a', as shown, so as to effect a close connection between the exterior of valve-cylinder'm and its chamber at such places.

m6 on are segmental packing-rings, located in corresponding grooves at the ends of the valve-cylinder m, so as to effect a close joint between the ends of the latter and the corresponding parts of its chamber.`

Within the valve-chamber c', I prefer to make a semicircular or nearly so) cutaway part orseginental space, c6, to permit the valvecylinder m to move with greater ease and with the least frictional resistance.

n is the valvecylinder, secured to shaft z' directly below the cylinder g. Said valvecylinder n is made in all `respects likeithe valvecylinder on, and like it has central hub, a', skeleton arms Wn, concave cutaway portion n3, webs n* n", and packings a5 n, a a6, the only difference between said valve-cylin ders being in their arrangement upon the shaft ,for as the pistons fL g are arranged on the shaft e in diainetrically-opposite directions, so are the cutaway portions m3 a3 of the valve-cylinders 'm a arranged correspondingly in diametrically-opposite directions, as shown. The cylinders f g and their respective pistons IIO IQO

f* g* are made to counter-balance each other trolling the outlet of the blast.

on the shaft e, and in alike manner the valvecylinders m a are arranged upon the shaft i so as to counterbalance each other accurately, and thus to prevent any pounding or jarring oi' the pump while in motion.

af is the delivery-opening from the pumpchamber a, which opening communicates with the air-chamber ai, cast in one piece with the shell c a', and having an exit, a, through which the water is delivered from the pump ina continuous stream. lf the liquid from the pump is to be conducted at any distance from it, I attach a suitable pipe to the exit t' in any ordinary manner, according to cireumstances.

In using this myimproved pump the liquid or air may be drawn in through pipe d and delivered through opening c, or vice-versa, according to the direction in which the shaft e is rotated.

The operation of this my improved duplexcrank piston-pump is as follows: 1We will suppose that the pump is to he used for drawing water up through suction-pipe d, and to force it out through exit-opening a. For this purpose the shaft e, its cylinders f g, and pistonsf g" are setin a rotary direction. Shown by arrow in Fig. 4.) The shaft t' and its valve-cylinders m n are by means of gears I.; Z accurately coupled to' shaft e, and made to rotate with equal velocity in an opposite direction, as shown by arrow in said li. After a few rotations the interior of the pumpchamber c is filled with the liquid which is being drawn up through pipe d, and after passing through opening c in the head c it enters the compartmentsfi and fT in the pump-cylinder f on both sides of the screw-shaped wings f, causing aportion ofthe liquid to he forced out through opening f3, back of pistonj, into the pump-chamber, and the other part of the. liquid conducted through channel y and forced out through opening y, back of piston g4, into the other halt' of the pump-chamber on the other side ofthe division-wall c, the water in front ofthe respective pistons f4 g being forced out through opening ai into air-chamber as, and delivered through exit a, as described. During this operation the respective valvecylinders m and n are kept in a continuous rotary motion in opposite direction to that of the pistons f* g4, and of precisely equal speed with the latter, and in such a manner as to bring the pistons f* g, respectively, in conjunction with the concavities m3 n on the respective valve-cylinders m a, and thus to permit said pistons in their revolutions to pass by the said valve-cylinders without causing leakage in so doing.

I am aware of the existence of a rotary blower consisting of two or more revolving vanes having curved sides, revolving segments having concave recesses adapted to said vanes, a chest-casing adapted to the vanes and segments, anda valve operating in unison with boththe vanes and segments for con- I am also aware of the existence of a rotary pump consist-i ng, essentially, of one or more spiral inclined scoops or pistons and an eccentric drum rotating with the same and forming a bearing for the inner edge of an abutment-valve. Such devices are different from mine, since they do not involve the use of a hollow cylinder open for supply at one end, and having internal suction-wings covering passages leading out. to the periphery of said cylinder.

Having thus i'ull y described the nature, construction, and operation of my invention, I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claiml. In a pump,tl1e rotary hollow cylinder f, provided with screw-shaped internal wings,

f, and formed with an inlet-channel at its end, said channel on one side of said wings extending through to the opposite end of the cylinder and on the other side through the periphery thereof, substantially as described.

2. In a puuip,the hollow cylinderf, formed with a supply-channel having its inlet at the end ot' said cylinder, a discharge-channel leading out through the periphery of the cylinder, and internal suction-wings locatedin said discharge-channel and forming a continuous guide for the fluid through said channel, substantially as described.

3. In a pump, the shell, a, constituting a piston-chamber, in combination with an abutf ment-valve and a cylinder located within said shell and provided with a piston extending fromits periphery and formed with a supply-` channel communicating with an opening through the shell, said opening surrounding the shaft upon which the cylinder rotates and covering the open end of said cylinder, the supply-channel communicating with the piston-chamber through the periphery of its internal cylinder, the said piston-chamber having an exit-opening through the shell, substantially as described.

4. In a pump, the rotary hollow cylinderf, with its internal guide-wings, f f side opening, f3, internal passage, f5, piston f4, pistonpaclringfs, and segmental packingsfgf9 at the outer edges of cylinderf, as set forth.

5. In a pump, the shell c, having recess c', the valve-cylinder m, titted within said recess and having the portion m4 cut away, in combination with the cylinder f, provided with the piston extending from its periphery and formed with an internal supply-channel communicating between the inlet-opening c and the piston-chamber, the said inlet-opening surrounding the shaft upon which the cylinder rotates and covering the open end of said cyl inder, said shell also having the exit-opening al, and the shafts of the cylinder f, and valvecylinder m geared together, substantially as described.

6. In a pump, the shell c a', with its .perforated division-wall a, the rotary sha-ft e, having attached to it the respective hollow cylinders f g, located side hy side, in communica' tion, and having diametrically-opposed open- ICO IIO

ings fsga and pistons]c4 g4, in combination with the shaft i, equally geared to shaft c by nieans of gears 7c and Z, and having secured to it the respective valve-cylinders m n, each one having its cut-away portions m3 n3 arranged in diametrically-opposite positions and balancing each other, as set forth and described.

7. In apump, the shell a c', cast in one piece, the portion a adapted to serve as a pump-chamber for the reception of t-he rotary piston andintermediate connecting mechanism to the driving-shaft e, and having an air-chamber, a8, formed on the side thereof and communicating directly with discharge-opening ai, in coni- .bination With an abutment-valve arranged in the part a, substantially as described.

8. In a pump, the shell aa', having grooves a5 a5 for the reception ot' wood or metal packings m5 a5, combined with the valve-cylinders m a. secured in diainetrically-opposite positions on shaft t, and having segmental packing-rings m a at thejunction of sides and ends ofthe said respective valve-cylinders, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the shell a, the hollow cylinder f, having piston j, extending from its periphery,the guide and suction Wings ff, forming an internal supply-passage having its inlet at the end and its discharge at the periphery of said cylinder, the said inlet communicating with the opening c through the shell, and the supply-pipe d, covering said opening, and the -shaft e, passing through said opening c' and the supply-pipe d, substantially as described.

l0. In a pump, the rotary hollow cylinder f, with its internal guide or suction Wings,ff, having` outer propeller-shaped edges, fwfl, at entrance from supply-pipe d, as shown and described, to facilitate the passage of the fluid to the interior of the pump, as set forth.

li. In a pump, the hollow cylinderf, having a piston extending from its periphery and provided with curved internal suction-Wings forming continuous guides for the fluid in its passage through an internal channel having its inlet at the end and its exit through the periphery of said cylinder, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

.IOSIAH DOW.

W'itnesses: l

ALBAN ANDRN, HENRY OHADBOURN. 

